You’ve learned how to count numbers. ①数(kazu) – numbers / ②数(kazu) – numbers
The way you count people is not the same. The important lesson today is its usages.
But 1st, let’s see how to count people.
one person = 一人 (hitori)
Two people = 二人 (futari)
Three people = 三人 (san-nin)
Four people = 四人 (yo-nin)
Five people = 五人 (go-nin)
Six people = 六人 (roku-nin)
Seven people = 七人 (nana-nin)
Eight people = 八人 (hachi-nin)
Nine people = 九人 (kyuu-nin)
Ten people = 十人 (juu-nin)
Eleven people = 十一人 (Juu-ichi-nin)
Twelve people = 十二人 (Juu-ni-nin)
Thirteen people = 十三人 (Juu-san-nin)
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One hundred people = 百人 (Hyaku-nin)
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How many people? = 何人(nan-nin)
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Now, let’s see some example sentences and see carefully how the numbers are used in the sentences.
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①
How many friends do you have?
- 友達が 何人 いますか?(Tomodachi ga nan-nin imasuka?)
- 何人 友達が いますか?(Nan-nin tomodachi ga imasuka?)
友達 = friend, friends
___が います。 = There is ___. I have ____.
___が いますか?= Is there___?, Do you have___?
いますis used for animated things, like people, animals, ghost, alien)
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I have one friend.
- 友達が、一人います。(Tomodachi ga hitori imasu.)
I have two friends.
- 友達が、二人います。 (Tomodachi ga futari imasu.)
I have three friends.
- 友達が、三人います。 (Tomodachi ga san-nin imasu.)
These are simple sentences. The only important rule is put the number + counter in front of the verb.
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Doing something alone, or together with someone.
②
Who did you go to see the movie with?
- 誰と 映画を 見に行きましたか? (Dare to eiga o mi ni ikimashita ka?)
or
How many people went to see the movie?
- 何人で 映画を見に行きましたか? (Nan-nin de eiga o mi ni ikimashita ka?)
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I went alone.
- 一人で 行きました。(hitori de ikimashita.)
I went with Kanako.
- かなこさん と 行きました。 (Kanako-san to ikimashita.)
I went with my three friends.
- 友達三人で 行きました。 (Tomodachi san-nin de ikimashita.)
誰(dare) = who / 映画(eiga) = movie / 見に行く (mi ni iku) = go to see
何人 (nan- nin) = How many / 行く(iku) = to go
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As you can see, numbers are followed by particle で in those sentences. This particle で indicates total numbers or items acting as a group. The clause which follows will be an action.
Number で action = I/we did “action.”
If you did something alone, you will say : 一人で action.
If you did something with 3 people, you’ll say : 三人で action.
③
Who went to Japan?
- 誰が 日本へ行きましたか? (Dare ga Nihon e ikimashita ka?)
or
How many people went to Japan?
- 何人で 日本へ行きましたか? (Nan-nin de Nihon e ikimashita ka?)
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Five of us went to Japan.
- 五人で 日本へ行きました。 (Gonin de Nihon e ikimashita.)
Everyone
④
Everyone (here) went to Japan (together).
- 皆で日本へ行きました。(Minna de Nihon e ikimashita.)
In the above case, it sounds as if they went to Japan together at the same time on the same flight.
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Where is everyone?
- 皆は、どこですか? (Minna wa doko desuka?)
Everyone went to Japan.
- 皆 日本へ行きました。(minna Nihon e ikimashita.)
The omission of で means that maybe they went to Japan together or on different days or times.
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⑤
How much does it cost (in total)?
- 全部で、いくらですか? (zenbu de ikura desu ka?)
It’s 1,980 yen for total./ The total is 1,980 yen.
- 全部で、1,980円です。 (zenbu de sen-kyuu-hyaku-hachi-juu-en desu.)
全部 (senbu) = total / いくら = how much |
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At the end, I want to teach you this final important phrase.
If you want to say with someone together, you say : ~と一緒に(~to ishho ni)
I usually study Japanese with my friend.
- たいてい、友達と一緒に日本語を勉強します。(taitei tomodachi to issho ni nihongo o benkyou simasu.)
たいてい(taitei) = usually / と(to) = with / 一緒に(issho ni) = together
日本語(nihongo = Japanese language) / 勉強する(benkyousuru) = to study
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Hope you have a great time with your friends!
- Miho
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